Plow construction



" Nov. 1,'1927.'

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T. BROWN PLow coNsTRUcTIoN Filed oct.1o, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 lill 0 lnahlzr .s s? W T. BRQWN PLOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 10, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet ,5

Nov. 1, 1927. 1,647,391

OOOoo Mnlnr;

Patented Nov. 1, 1927.

*i UNITEDJSTei-rss 'rHEoPH1LUs 'BRoWN,7oF MOLINE, `imiritois, Assrsnon 'royA DEERE a vooivneAikSigY, or

Mon-INE, rLLrNoIsL n conrortn'rron' or rLLnoIs;

c Provv CONSTRUCTION.

.Application lfiled. 4October 10, 1921. lSerial No. 506,672.

other and the cutting edgeiof the plow shares presented in aitrue horizontal plane. i I'have found :that much of the Ihandiitting which may be necessaryA in assembling a multiplev plow. can be dispensed with@ by a proper construction of the plowfbeams, and as the beams and o-therparts ofthe plow are manufactured in large quantities, it `isfan object of my. invention toI-producea- "gang plow which can rbereadily. assembled with the certainty of:l correct alinement'y ofthe parts without further fitting. i Incthe followingspecification I fully -describeth'e various stepslin the manufacture offv a gang; plow' embodying my invention, followingY it from the stock bar, fromvwhich the. beams arefma'de, tothe finished plow;

Referring to the drawings in` which similar-'numerals indicate identical parts,

Figure 1 represents'thel stock bar from which the plow beamis made. Figure 2 illustrates they first step inmanuf/acture from the plainbar. Figure 3 illustrates the sec- Y ond step with the bar lengthenedv andlpartly tapered Figure 4 is a topview ofrFigure 3. Figure 5 showsV the bar Aafter the first bending; Figure 6. is a similar View toFigure 5 but showingthe ends trimmed,'and

` holes; punched in whichl bolts or rivets are inserted'in assembling the plow;` Figure?v i is apbottom plan' of 'Figure -showing'its lateral: bends' and having its rear end of an ideal.y formand as it is prior to tempering. FigurerS is a similar:r view to Figure '7 but showingfthea'ctualishape ofthe beam before theV application ofV my improvements. Figure9 is: a bottom 'plan of two plow beams secured together and theirrear ends-warped. Figure 10 is an enlarged rear view of'Figure 9E Figure ll is a similar view toFigure l'OLbut having plow"bodies"secured to the beams andillustrating the positionof the cutting edge of the shares-before the application of;v my improvement. F igure" 121is a similar view; to- FigurelO'but embodying 'renee-i my improvement and showing in dotted lines '4 the position of the grinding wheels. Figure 13 isA a plan view in part of Figure 12.

Figure lll is similar viewk to Figure ll but showing the perfect alinement of the cutting edge of the shares when the plow bodies vare mounted on-beams havingmy improvement, and Figure 1.5 is a side elevation-of a grinder with aplow beam-structure inv place thereon for operation of the grinding wheels.A

Y lThe stock bar l, of highfgradesteehfrom which the bar is made, is supplied in predetermined lengths referably rectangularginV crosssection To eginthemanufacture of a v plow beam` oneend 2 of the bar vly ,is heated to the desired degree of malleability and, by forging, the groove 3 is formed and the adjacent opposite sides 4 ofY thejbar are beveled, thisoperation slightly lengthening the bar. After further heating of the bar 1 for its entirelength it is rolled to the form and length shown in Figures 3 Vand 4, the

four sides tapering from approximately one third theile-ngth 'ofthe barptoward thejfor-` ward end jthe-reof, andthe intermediate' thirdof its length is tapered forwardly onits landwardand furrowward sides only. The bar lis now ready for transformation into the beam 6 which is accomplished, after again heating it, by operationof abulldozer bending it to form a standardtosupporta plow body, as shown in Figure 5. From the bulldozer. the beam is transferred to .a machine f i operating to simultaneously-,punch all bolt and rivet holes and trim the ends of the beam as shown in Figure 6l YAfter this? latter operationthe beam is bentlaterally at 7 and 8 to give it a final form,asfshownin Figure 7, previous tothe hardeningv process. lThe beam is now heated lto a specific de*- gree above its critical point,'and is then removed from the furnaceand immersed in acquenching bath for a predetermined `periodV of time to harden and toughenit,lthe beam is then raised fromthe bath and placed in a drawing furnace where it is subjected to a specific degreeof heatfor a certain time, .to remove vstrains producedvby thefeifect of; the quenching bath, and at the expirationof that time is slowly cooled. l y A vwarp is likely V.to occur at the'rear of each beam, while theflatter is inthe quench' i 50v theV true vertical planes in which the rear of the beam. It is impossible to forecast whereand towaid which side of the beam the warp will occur, and after it has formed Y it is practically impossible to correct it by side pressure without heating again and destroying the temper. lt will be readily apparent that if a plow body should be mount- Y, ed on a beam at this time it would result in the condition shown iii-Figure 11 where two ffao ` a gang plow it has been the practice to secure the beams to the'plow bodies irrespective of the warp in the beam, the plow bodies, during the operation, resting upon a plane table, and it is obvious that with a plurality vof beams and plow bodies so secured together 'withthe warp still in thel beams, the braces holding the beams in rigid relation with each other would have to be shaped by repeated heating to Vfit the beams, for as the degree of warp would likely be different in each beam, standardization of the braces was impossible, consequently it was necessary to fit each brace to the plow beams, requiring an excess of labor andtime expended in the operation.

In Figure 9 I have shown twoV plow beams 6 and 9 spaced apart and rigidly secured together bybraces 10a and 11, the forward ends of the beams converging to a clevis plate 12 and secured thereto by rivets. T he beams and braces are of standard form and are taken from stock and assembled without further fitting, the braces being bent and ybolted to the intermediate parts of the beams. rlhe warp in the beams remains, however, as clearly shown in Figures 9 and 11, and as shown is Vin opposite directions;

ends or standards .of the beams should be are indicated by ldotted lines. As it is impossible to force the standards to these lines, and in order to secure a true vertical surface otherwise,l subject the sides of the standards 10, on which the plow bodies are to be mounted, to the operation of a grinder a, the grinding wheels Z) and c of Vwhich are spaced apart to operate forthe proper width between the plow bodies; the beams, Vas secured together, are placed in, the grinder, with the front end held in a support d, and sufficient of the sides of the standards, on

.which the plow bodies are to be mounted,

standard adopted for the corresponding sup port of other similar frames. f My invention, therefore, does not contemplate the removal of material from each and every support in all instances, but only where and'to the extent necessary to accomplish the desired result. In the illustrated embodiment of my invention the plow Vbodies are cfa' well known type and comprise a moldboard .15, a share 16, and a frog 17, the latterbeing securely bolted to the sides ofthe standard ground toa true vertical plane, sol that the plow, as assembled, presents the cutting edge of the shares in perfect horizontaly alinement as shown in Figure 13.

From the foregoing it is apparent that the beams and braces can be manufactured in quantities and assembled and secured rigidly `together for reception of plow bodies, and held in stock to be drawn from as desired. It is also true that the'parts composing the plow bodiesv arel manufactured, and,

assembled and placed in stock, but in every inst-ance the frogs designed to be attached to icoV the positioning surface of a given plow body support, are so shaped that when attached to such support the plow body will be se curely held so that its landside is in a true longitudinal vertical plane, and consequently the plow bottom lies in a horizontal plane. It will be obvious, therefore, thatwhen the several plow bodies are vattached to Vthe beams of any frame, the plows will be properly positioned relatively to each other, with the planes of their landsides parallel, notwithstanding the fact that the beams as originally assembled may have been warped so that except for the cutting away or re- Y moval, as by' grinding or equivalent means, of the plow body positioning surfaces,ras above described, the plow bodies would not be properly positioned relatively Vto yeach other or to a longitudinal vertical plane. It will be understood, ofcourse,- that while it is desirable that the'plow body positioning surfaces of all the supports of a given frame be formed so as to be parallel with each other and to lie in longitudinal vertical l planes, and to use frogs also having ver tically disposed contact surfaces, this is not essential, as the same principle may be applied `in other ways;-as for example, by making the positioning surfaces of the `plow body supports bear a` predetermined angular relation to a horizontal or vertical plane, and fashioning the. contacting surfaces of the frogs, or other connecting means by which the plow bodies are s-ecured to such supports, with complementary surfacesV calculated to'insurethe proper-positioning of the plow bodies when attached to such supports. Furthermore, it is not essential that the positioning surfaces of all the plow bodyl standard, with the certain knowledge that be practiced only in connection with gang when such plow bodies are taken from stock and applied to a plow body support ofthe character for which they are intended, they will invariably fit properly and be held ini the right position. y

While I have shown a frame comprising only two beams, it should be understood that if desired more than two beams may be incorporated in the frame, and that part of the invention described which relates to insuring the proper positioning of the plow bodies is not limited to its application to gangplow frames of the specilic construction shown and described.

I wish it to be understood that by specifically describing the manufacture of the particular high grade st-eel beams illustrated as entering into the construction of my improved gang plow frame, I have not in# tended to indicate that my invention may plow frames comprising beams made of the material mentioned, or beams that are tapered, or are of the cross-sectional contour shown, as obviously my invention may be applied to, or be practiced in connection with, gang plow frame-s having beams made l of other suitable materials besides high grade steel, eithier with orA without heat treatment, and of any suitable shape; also the beams, including the plow-body supports, need not necessarily be made of in? tegral bars, but may be of composite ystruc-- ture. In other words, my invention may be used to advantage in conneet-ion with any plow frame comprising a plurality of met-` al beams provided with depending sup- ,portshaving plow body positioning surfaces capable of being made to conformf toa predetermined standard adopted for the positioning surfaces of the corresponding supports of other similar .frames .by the removal of material therefrom, as by grinding. The claims hereinafter made are, therefore, .to be construed accordingly.

v vBy my invention I provide for makinga perfectly truestandardized gang plow frame` all the parts of which are in true relation to each other so that when predetermined frogs .or other plow. body securing elements are attached thereto the plows will also be inl true plowing relation to each other.

flvVhat I claim is: Y v

1. The improvement in the 'art of manufacturing gang plow fram-es which consists in removing material from the frame to such extent that when predetermined plow elements are attached thereto the plow bodies will be in true plowing relation to each other. f I

2. rEhe improvement in the art of manufacturing gang plow frames which consists in removing material from the plow body supporting portions`of the frame to such extent that when predetermined plow elements are attached rthereto the plowbodies will be in true plowing relation to each other. l

3. The improvement in the artof manufacturing gang plow frames which consists soA nopV

in removing material by grinding from plow such extent that when predetermined plow elements are attached thereto the plow bodies will bein true plowing relation to each other.'r

4:. A standardized gangplow frame made by removing material therefrom to such `body supporting portions of the frame to extent that when. predeterminedplow elements are attached thereto the plow bodies will be in true plowing relation to each other. y

plow body carrying portions thereof so that Y when predetermined plow elements are at-l ments are attached to said plow body carrying portions, the plow bodies will be in true plowing relation j to each other.

- THnorHiLus BROWN. .t

5. Astandardized gang plow frame madeL .105 I l `byvremo'ving sufficient material from lthe plowing 1.10 

